The Greatest Russian, Austrian "Fiction, Drama" Books Since 1900

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This list represents a comprehensive and trusted collection of the greatest books. Developed through a specialized algorithm, it brings together 300 'best of' book lists to form a definitive guide to the world's most acclaimed books. For those interested in how these books are chosen, additional details can be found on the rankings page.

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Fiction

Drama

Drama is a genre of literature that typically deals with serious and emotional themes, often exploring the complexities of human relationships and the struggles individuals face in their lives. These books often feature intense character development and intricate plotlines, delving into the depths of human experience and the challenges of navigating the world around us. From family dramas to political intrigue, the drama genre encompasses a wide range of stories that aim to captivate readers with their raw and powerful storytelling.

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  1. 1. The Cherry Orchard by Anton Chekhov

    "The Cherry Orchard" is a classic play about an aristocratic Russian woman and her family as they return to their family estate, which includes a large and well-known cherry orchard. The family is on the brink of financial ruin and the estate is slated to be auctioned off. Despite various attempts to save their beloved home and orchard, they are ultimately unable to prevent the sale. The play is a poignant reflection on the changing social order and the decline of the aristocracy in Russia at the turn of the 20th century.

  2. 2. Three Sisters by Anton Chekhov

    "Three Sisters" is a play that revolves around the lives of three sisters, Olga, Masha, and Irina, who live in a provincial Russian town and yearn for their former life in Moscow. The story explores their relationships, dreams, and disappointments, as well as their interactions with the military officers stationed nearby. The narrative is a poignant exploration of love, loss, and the relentless passage of time, highlighting the human struggle for meaning and happiness.

  3. 3. The Piano Teacher by Elfriede Jelinek

    "The Piano Teacher" is a dark exploration of power dynamics, sexuality, and repression. The story revolves around a piano teacher at a prestigious music school in Vienna who lives with her overbearing mother in a state of emotional and sexual repression. Her life takes a turn when she becomes sexually involved with a young, self-assured student. The relationship, marked by sadomasochistic games and emotional manipulation, spirals out of control, leading to a tragic end. The book is a profound critique of bourgeois values and the oppressive structures of society.

  4. 4. Mother by Maxim Gorky

    This novel centers around a working-class Russian woman who becomes involved in revolutionary activities after witnessing the struggles and injustices faced by her son and his comrades. Despite her initial fear and hesitation, she evolves into a dedicated activist, smuggling illegal literature and participating in strikes. The narrative provides a powerful exploration of the personal and societal transformations brought about by political activism, set against the backdrop of pre-revolutionary Russia.

  5. 5. Confusion by Stefan Zweig

    "Confusion" is a compelling narrative that explores the intense and passionate relationship between a student and his charismatic professor. Set in the early 20th century, the story unfolds as the protagonist becomes entangled in the professor's personal life, discovering his mentor's secret past, his struggling marriage, and his hidden homosexual desires. The book presents a profound exploration of human emotions, identity, and the complexities of love, against the backdrop of the societal norms of the time.

  6. 6. The Clay Machine-gun by Victor Pelevin

    "The Clay Machine-gun" is a surreal and complex novel that explores the nature of reality and illusion. The story is set in post-Soviet Russia and follows a protagonist who has multiple identities, including a poet in 19th-century Russia, a 20th-century psychiatric patient, and a 21st-century advertising executive. The narrative moves between these identities and realities, blurring the lines between them and creating a layered and philosophical exploration of Russian society, identity, and the human psyche.

  7. 7. The Bedbug And Selected Poetry by Vladimir Mayakovsky

    "The Bedbug And Selected Poetry" is a collection of poems by Vladimir Mayakovsky, a prominent Russian poet of the early 20th century. The book features a mix of Mayakovsky's avant-garde and politically charged works, showcasing his unique style and themes of revolution, love, and the struggles of the working class. Through his powerful and dynamic verses, Mayakovsky offers readers a glimpse into the social and cultural landscape of his time, while leaving a lasting impact with his thought-provoking and emotive poetry.

  8. 8. The Lower Depths by Maxim Gorky

    The book is a stark depiction of the lives of the impoverished and dispossessed at the bottom of the Russian social ladder in the early 20th century. Set in a squalid shelter, it presents a group of destitute individuals from various backgrounds—thieves, prostitutes, and the down-and-out—who share their stories and philosophies as they grapple with the harsh realities of poverty and survival. The narrative delves into themes of human suffering, the struggle for dignity, and the elusive nature of truth, offering a grim commentary on the social conditions of the time and the human condition itself.

  9. 9. A Sorrow Beyond Dreams by Peter Handke

    This book is a poignant exploration of the author's mother's life and her struggle with depression, ultimately leading to her suicide. It provides a deeply personal and raw account of the author's attempts to understand his mother's despair and the societal constraints that contributed to it. The narrative is a profound reflection on memory, loss, and the complexity of human emotions, offering a stark and moving portrayal of a woman's life in a rigid, post-war society.

  10. 10. Little Devil by Fedor Sologub

    "Little Devil" is a dark and symbolic tale set in pre-revolutionary Russia, exploring the themes of evil and corruption through the eyes of a young boy. The protagonist, an outcast in his rural village, is both tormented and fascinated by the malevolent forces he perceives around him. As he delves deeper into his own imagination and the sinister aspects of human nature, the line between reality and fantasy blurs, leading to a series of tragic events. The novel delves into the psychological and moral decay of its characters, reflecting the broader societal decay of the time.

  11. 11. Why Is There Salt In The Sea? by Brigitte Schwaiger

    The novel explores the life of a young Austrian woman who finds herself in a stifling marriage with a fisherman in a small coastal village. As she grapples with the mundane and oppressive nature of her daily life, she yearns for freedom and self-discovery. The sea, with its salt, becomes a metaphor for her tears and the bitterness she experiences, as well as the vast possibilities that lie beyond her current existence. Her internal struggle and the choices she faces reflect the broader themes of women's liberation and the search for identity in a world that often limits female autonomy.

  12. 12. Christmas At The Ivanovs' by Alexander Vvedensky

    "Christmas at the Ivanovs'" is a satirical play that delves into the absurdities of Soviet life during the early 20th century. The narrative unfolds during a Christmas celebration at the Ivanov family's home, where a series of bizarre and surreal events take place. The characters, including a detective, a poet, and various family members, engage in nonsensical dialogues and actions, reflecting the author's avant-garde approach to theater. The play critiques the disconnect between the state's ideological propaganda and the grim realities of everyday life, using dark humor and chaotic scenes to challenge the audience's perception of normalcy and rationality within a society under strict political control.

  13. 13. The Zone by Sergei Dovlatov

    "The Zone" is a semi-autobiographical novel that follows the life of a writer who is confined to a Soviet labor camp. Through a series of vignettes, the protagonist reflects on his experiences in the camp, the absurdities of the Soviet system, and the struggles of maintaining his identity and integrity in the face of oppression. With dark humor and sharp observations, the book offers a poignant and satirical portrayal of life in the Soviet Union.

  14. 14. Farewell To Matyora by Valentin Rasputin

    The book is a poignant exploration of the tension between progress and tradition, set in a small Siberian village that is doomed to be submerged by the construction of a hydroelectric dam. As the government mandates the relocation of the village's inhabitants, the narrative delves into the lives of the villagers who are grappling with the loss of their ancestral home and way of life. The story is a meditation on the cost of modernization, the deep connection between people and their land, and the inevitable passing of time that brings change, often at the expense of cultural heritage and personal identity. Through the villagers' resistance and sorrow, the novel examines themes of environmental impact, the clash of ideologies, and the resilience of the human spirit in the face of displacement.

  15. 15. Creatures that Once Were Men by Maxim Gorky

    "Creatures that Once Were Men" is a collection of short stories that depict the harsh realities of life in the lower classes of Russian society. The stories are set in a night refuge for the homeless, where the characters, despite their grim circumstances, strive to maintain their humanity. Through their struggles, the author explores themes of poverty, addiction, despair, and the human spirit's resilience.

  16. 16. Judas Iscariot by Leonid Andreyev

    The book presents a reimagining of the character of Judas Iscariot, traditionally known as the betrayer of Jesus Christ. It delves into the psychological and moral complexities of Judas, exploring his inner turmoil, motivations, and the factors that may have led him to commit the act of betrayal. The narrative seeks to humanize Judas, offering a nuanced perspective that challenges the conventional vilification he has received throughout history. Through this character study, the book examines themes of guilt, redemption, and the nature of evil, ultimately raising questions about free will and the role of individuals within the grander schemes of destiny and divine plans.

  17. 17. The Last Days of Mankind by Karl Kraus

    "The Last Days of Mankind" is a satirical play that provides a critical commentary on the socio-political climate during World War I. The narrative presents a stark portrayal of the absurdity of war and the destructive forces of propaganda, bureaucracy, and nationalism. The author uses a variety of literary techniques, including parody, satire, and direct quotes from contemporary sources, to highlight the folly and tragedy of war. The play is known for its unique style, rich language, and its profound critique of society and culture during a time of great upheaval and conflict.

  18. 18. The Time: Night by Ludmila Petrushevskaya

    The book is a stark portrayal of the struggles faced by a multi-generational family living in the cramped quarters of a Moscow apartment during the twilight years of the Soviet Union. The narrative is driven by the matriarch, a poet who is both resilient and weary, as she navigates the complexities of caring for her mentally unstable daughter and her neglected grandson. The story delves deep into themes of maternal sacrifice, poverty, and the relentless passage of time, painting a grim picture of domestic life and the burdens of womanhood in a society that is as unforgiving as it is oppressive.

  19. 19. Kaspar and Other Plays by Peter Handke

    "Kaspar and Other Plays" is a collection of avant-garde, thought-provoking plays that explore deep philosophical questions about language, reality, and the human condition. The titular play tells the story of a young man who learns to speak and, in doing so, is manipulated and controlled by society. The other plays in the collection continue to challenge conventional ideas and push boundaries, offering a unique and profound commentary on the world.

  20. 20. The Major Plays by Anton Chekhov

    This collection brings together the most significant works of a master playwright whose stories unfold against the backdrop of Russian society at the turn of the 20th century. The plays are rich with complex characters, nuanced relationships, and social commentary, exploring themes of unrequited love, dreams versus reality, the passage of time, and the search for meaning in everyday life. The playwright's signature blend of tragedy and comedy, combined with a subtle use of symbolism and a focus on character development, has cemented these works as timeless explorations of human nature and the societal pressures that shape our lives.

  21. 21. Selected Plays And Libretti by Hugo von Hofmannsthal

    This collection brings together a selection of dramatic works by a prominent figure in the early 20th-century literary world, showcasing his talent for blending poetic language with profound psychological insight. The plays and libretti included span various genres, from historical dramas to adaptations of classic myths, each marked by the author's exploration of themes such as identity, transformation, and the human condition. The works also reflect the author's collaboration with influential composers of his time, contributing to the evolution of opera and theater through his innovative approach to storytelling and character development.

  22. 22. Plays And Stories by Arthur Schnitzler

    "Plays and Stories" is a collection that showcases the work of a prominent writer known for his incisive exploration of psychology and morality in turn-of-the-century Viennese society. The book brings together a selection of his dramatic and narrative pieces, each delving into the complex lives and intimate struggles of its characters. Through a blend of sharp dialogue, intricate character studies, and a keen observation of social mores, the collection reveals the subtle forces at play in love, desire, and power, often highlighting the ironic twists of fate that can alter the course of an individual's life. The writer's work is celebrated for its nuanced depiction of the human condition and its influence on modernist literature.

  23. 23. Selected Tales by Leonid Andreyev

    "Selected Tales" is a compilation of short stories that delve into the depths of human emotion and existential despair. The collection showcases the author's fascination with the darker aspects of the human psyche, exploring themes such as death, madness, and the search for meaning in a seemingly indifferent universe. Through a blend of realism and symbolism, the stories present a poignant commentary on the human condition, often highlighting the tragic ironies and complexities of life. The author's vivid prose and ability to evoke intense atmospheres make this anthology a profound reflection on the struggles of the soul and the moral dilemmas faced by individuals in times of crisis.

  24. 24. Zuleikha by Guzel Yakhina

    "Zuleikha" is a captivating historical novel set in 1930s Soviet Union, following the life of Zuleikha, a Tatar woman who is forcefully taken from her home and exiled to Siberia. As she struggles to adapt to the harsh conditions of the remote village, Zuleikha finds solace in her resilience and the unexpected connections she forms with her fellow exiles. Through her journey of survival, love, and self-discovery, Zuleikha's story beautifully explores themes of identity, freedom, and the indomitable human spirit.

  25. 25. Professor Bernhardi by Arthur Schnitzler

    The play revolves around a Jewish physician who heads a Viennese clinic and becomes embroiled in a scandal when he prevents a Catholic priest from giving the last rites to a dying patient who is unaware of the seriousness of her condition. His actions, motivated by a desire to preserve the patient's peace of mind, are misinterpreted as anti-Catholic, leading to a public outcry and a power struggle that reflects the deeply ingrained anti-Semitism and political opportunism of the time. The doctor's principled stand becomes a flashpoint for societal and professional conflict, raising questions about ethics, religion, and the corrosive effects of prejudice.

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If you're interested in downloading this list as a CSV file for use in a spreadsheet application, you can easily do so by clicking the button below. Please note that to ensure a manageable file size and faster download, the CSV will include details for only the first 500 books.

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