The Greatest American "Modernist, Fiction" Books Since 1900

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This list represents a comprehensive and trusted collection of the greatest books. Developed through a specialized algorithm, it brings together 305 'best of' book lists to form a definitive guide to the world's most acclaimed books. For those interested in how these books are chosen, additional details can be found on the rankings page.

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Modernist

Modernist literature is a category of books that emerged in the early 20th century, characterized by a break from traditional literary forms and a focus on individual experience and perception. Modernist writers experimented with language, form, and structure, often using stream-of-consciousness narration and fragmented storytelling to convey the complexity and ambiguity of modern life. Themes of alienation, disillusionment, and the search for meaning are common in modernist literature, which reflects the cultural and social upheavals of the time. Overall, modernist literature is a challenging and thought-provoking genre that continues to influence contemporary literature and culture.

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  1. 26. Tender Buttons by Gertrude Stein

    "Tender Buttons" is an avant-garde collection of prose poetry, divided into three sections: "Objects," "Food," and "Rooms." The book is renowned for its experimental, stream-of-consciousness style, and its abstract, often nonsensical language. It challenges traditional narrative and linguistic structures, creating a unique exploration of everyday objects and experiences. The work is a significant contribution to modernist literature and a pioneering example of feminist writing.

    The 1761st Greatest Book of All Time
  2. 27. Sleepless Nights by Elizabeth Hardwick

    "Sleepless Nights" is a novel that weaves together memories, reflections, and fictionalized episodes to paint a portrait of a woman's life. The narrative is fragmented and non-linear, reflecting the protagonist's introspective journey through her past relationships, experiences, and observations. Set against the backdrop of various American and European backdrops, the book delves into themes of love, loss, identity, and the complexities of the human condition. The protagonist's musings are interlaced with vivid character sketches of the people who have drifted in and out of her life, creating a tapestry of poignant and evocative vignettes that capture the essence of her restless, contemplative existence.

    The 1780th Greatest Book of All Time
  3. 28. Two Serious Ladies by Jane Bowles

    Two Serious Ladies is a novel that follows the lives of two women, Christina Goering and Frieda Copperfield, who are both on their own personal journeys of self-discovery. Christina, a wealthy spinster, decides to abandon her comfortable life to explore the darker side of society, while Frieda, a married woman, leaves her husband during a trip to Panama to pursue a relationship with a teenage prostitute. The novel explores themes of identity, sexuality, and societal norms, challenging traditional notions of femininity and respectability.

    The 1927th Greatest Book of All Time
  4. 29. The Beautiful and Damned by F. Scott Fitzgerald

    This novel tells the story of Anthony Patch, a 1920s socialite and presumptive heir to a tycoon's fortune, and his wife Gloria. As they await the inheritance of his grandfather's estate, their reckless marriage deteriorates into a cycle of alcohol, parties, and squabbles, leading to their downfall. The narrative provides an exploration of the themes of greed, status, and the fleeting nature of youth and beauty.

    The 2398th Greatest Book of All Time
  5. 30. The Dream Songs by John Berryman

    The book is a collection of 385 poems that form a deep and complex portrait of the protagonist's troubled psyche, as he grapples with a myriad of themes including loss, despair, race, and the fragmented nature of the self. The narrative is characterized by its innovative structure, shifting perspectives, and a unique blend of high diction and colloquial language. The protagonist's journey is marked by moments of intense emotional turmoil and self-reflection, often conveyed through a dialogue between different aspects of his personality, as he seeks meaning and redemption in a chaotic world.

    The 2809th Greatest Book of All Time
  6. 31. Of Time and the River: A Legend of Man's Hunger in His Youth by Thomas Wolfe

    The novel is a semi-autobiographical work that follows the story of a young writer, Eugene Gant, as he explores his artistic ambitions and philosophical ideas while struggling with his Southern heritage. In his quest for self-discovery, Eugene travels from his home in North Carolina to Harvard University and then to New York City, before embarking on a voyage to Europe. The narrative is a poignant exploration of youth, time, and the relentless flow of life, highlighting the protagonist's internal and external struggles as he grapples with love, loss, and the relentless passage of time.

    The 2942nd Greatest Book of All Time
  7. 32. The 42nd Parallel by John Dos Passos

    "The 42nd Parallel" is a novel that explores the lives of several characters in the early 20th century United States. The narrative intertwines the stories of five protagonists as they navigate through various historical events and social changes such as labor strikes, World War I, and the Mexican Revolution. The book is notable for its experimental style, which includes the use of "Newsreel" and "Camera Eye" sections that incorporate newspaper clippings, song lyrics, and stream-of-consciousness writing to reflect the chaotic and rapidly changing times.

    The 3244th Greatest Book of All Time
  8. 33. Omensetter's Luck by William H. Gass

    Set in a small Ohio town in the 1890s, the novel revolves around the enigmatic character Brackett Omensetter, a man whose mere presence seems to affect those around him in profound and inexplicable ways. The story is narrated from the perspectives of three different characters: the town's eccentric and paranoid physician, a reverend tormented by his lack of faith, and a local man who becomes obsessed with Omensetter. The narrative explores themes of religion, morality, and the nature of luck and fate.

    The 3258th Greatest Book of All Time
  9. 34. Hermione by Hilda Doolittle

    The book in question is a semi-autobiographical novel that delves into the inner life of a young woman named Hermione Gart, a stand-in for the author herself. Set in the early 20th century, the narrative explores Hermione's complex emotional world and her struggle to find her own identity amidst the constraints of society and her relationships. Through a stream-of-consciousness style, the novel examines themes of feminism, sexuality, and self-discovery, as Hermione navigates her way through love, intellectual pursuits, and the challenges of being a woman in a male-dominated world. The novel is recognized for its lyrical prose and its pioneering use of psychological introspection.

    The 3462nd Greatest Book of All Time
  10. 35. The Rosy Crucifixion by Henry Miller

    The book is a semi-autobiographical trilogy that explores the author's life in 1920s New York City. The protagonist, a struggling writer, navigates through his tumultuous relationship with his wife, his various extramarital affairs, and his quest for artistic freedom and personal identity. The narrative is characterized by its graphic depictions of sexuality, philosophical introspection, and critique of societal norms. The book is a testament to the author's rejection of conventional morality and his pursuit of a life driven by passion and creativity.

    The 3665th Greatest Book of All Time
  11. 36. A Fable by William Faulkner

    This novel is a World War I allegory where a Christ-like figure emerges within a French regiment, sparking a mutiny. The figure, a corporal, persuades his squadron to not attack in the bloody conflict, leading to their court-martial and execution. The narrative explores themes of war, morality, and the human spirit, with the corporal's actions causing a ripple effect, impacting the lives of soldiers, officers, and even a Jesuit priest.

    The 3669th Greatest Book of All Time
  12. 37. Go Down, Moses by William Faulkner

    This novel is a collection of interconnected stories that explore the complex relationship between race, heritage, and land in the American South. The narrative primarily focuses on the McCaslin family, a family of white landowners, and their relationships with the African American individuals who were formerly enslaved by them. The book explores themes of racial exploitation, inheritance, and the destructive power of obsession, particularly through the character of Ike McCaslin, who renounces his inheritance due to its roots in slavery.

    The 4077th Greatest Book of All Time
  13. 38. The Complete Works of Nathanael West by Nathanael West

    This collection features the complete works of a renowned American author, known for his dark humor and social criticism. The book includes four novels and various other writings that depict the disillusionment and despair of the Great Depression era. His stories often revolve around aspiring artists and Hollywood dreamers, exploring themes of fame, illusion, and the American Dream. The author's unique style blends satire and tragedy, creating a distinct voice in 20th-century American literature.

    The 4151st Greatest Book of All Time
  14. 39. White Mule by William Carlos Williams

    The novel follows the story of an immigrant family's struggle to adapt to life in America during the early 20th century. Focusing on the Stecher family, the narrative centers around their infant daughter, nicknamed White Mule, who symbolizes the family's resilience and determination. As they navigate the complexities of assimilation, cultural identity, and the pursuit of the American Dream, the family's experiences reflect the broader challenges faced by immigrants of that era. The book delves into themes of strength, perseverance, and the clash between old-world traditions and new-world opportunities.

    The 5517th Greatest Book of All Time
  15. 40. The Bridge by Hart Crane

    "The Bridge" is an epic poem that uses the Brooklyn Bridge as a central symbol to explore the American experience from the early 20th century. The work traverses various historical periods and geographical locations, from the time of the Native Americans to the industrial age, interspersing mythological and biblical references. The poem seeks to capture the spirit of the American dream, the country's progress and its cultural heritage, while also exploring themes of love, death, and time.

    The 6745th Greatest Book of All Time
  16. 41. Personae by Ezra Pound

    "Personae" is a collection of poems that showcases a range of styles and themes, reflecting the author's deep engagement with history, culture, and language. The work is characterized by its experimental use of form and its incorporation of classical references, which serve to explore the complexities of the human experience. Through a diverse set of voices and perspectives, the poems delve into topics such as love, loss, and the role of the artist in society, all while pushing the boundaries of poetic expression and challenging readers to consider the transformative power of art.

    The 7168th Greatest Book of All Time
  17. 42. Paterson by William Carlos Williams

    The book is an epic poem that blends the everyday lives of the city of Paterson, New Jersey, and its inhabitants with the personal reflections of the poet. It is structured in five books and a fragment of a sixth, each delving into the complex relationship between the individual and the urban environment, exploring themes of identity, modernity, and the role of the poet in society. The work is characterized by its use of collage, incorporating letters, newspaper fragments, and historical documents, creating a tapestry of voices and experiences that reflect the diversity and dynamism of American life.

    The 7168th Greatest Book of All Time
  18. 43. The Wild Palms by William Faulkner

    The novel intertwines two distinct narratives: one follows a young couple, Harry and Charlotte, who rebel against societal norms by eloping and living a transient lifestyle fueled by passion and disregard for consequences, while the other narrative presents the story of an older man, McCord, serving time in prison for murder and reflecting on his life and the events that led to his incarceration. The two stories, set in the contrasting landscapes of the untamed wilderness and the confines of a cell, explore themes of freedom, love, and the inexorable consequences of personal choices, ultimately revealing the tragic and inextricable link between the two tales.

    The 7168th Greatest Book of All Time
  19. 44. Second Skin by John Hawkes

    In "Second Skin," readers are plunged into the chaotic life of Skipper, a retired naval officer and teacher, as he navigates a series of tragic and surreal experiences on a remote island and elsewhere. The novel weaves through time, exploring Skipper's troubled relationships with his daughter and his deceased wife, as well as his attempts to find redemption and meaning in a world that seems to be disintegrating around him. The narrative is marked by its dark humor, complex symbolism, and an exploration of themes such as identity, loss, and the human capacity for self-deception and resilience.

    The 7168th Greatest Book of All Time
  20. 45. Tatlin! by Guy Davenport

    "Tatlin!" is a collection of imaginative short stories that blend historical fact with fiction, exploring the lives and works of various artists and intellectuals. The narratives are rich with allusions and delve into the creative processes of these figures, including the titular Russian avant-garde architect and designer. The book weaves together themes of art, invention, and the complexities of human experience, presenting a tapestry of intertextual vignettes that challenge the boundaries between reality and imagination. Through its lyrical prose and intricate structure, the collection offers a unique meditation on the nature of genius and the eternal quest for artistic innovation and expression.

    The 7168th Greatest Book of All Time
  21. 46. Forgetting Elena by Edmund White

    The novel presents a surreal and allegorical tale set on an enigmatic island, where the amnesiac protagonist struggles to navigate a society governed by intricate and arbitrary social codes. As he attempts to reconstruct his identity and understand his past, he encounters a cast of eccentric characters who embody the peculiar customs and rituals of the island's culture. The narrative, rich with metaphor and satire, explores themes of memory, identity, and the search for self amidst the bewildering constraints of a highly stylized community.

    The 7168th Greatest Book of All Time
  22. 47. Nocturnes For The King Of Naples by Edmund White

    The book is a lyrical and introspective novel that explores the themes of love, loss, and desire through the lens of a man reflecting on his past relationship with an older, enigmatic lover. The narrative unfolds in a series of evocative vignettes and musings, blending reality with fantasy, as the protagonist grapples with the enduring impact of this deeply transformative affair. Set against the backdrop of various locations, including Naples, the novel delves into the complexities of memory and the haunting nature of longing, weaving a tapestry of emotion and poetic imagery that captures the essence of romantic yearning and the pain of its inevitable dissolution.

    The 7937th Greatest Book of All Time
  23. 48. Black Spring by Henry Miller

    "Black Spring" is a semi-autobiographical novel that blends reality with fiction, presenting a series of loosely connected vignettes that delve into the author's experiences and observations in Paris and Brooklyn. The narrative is rich with lyrical and often surreal descriptions, exploring themes of identity, poverty, and the artist's struggle. The book is noted for its stream-of-consciousness style and its vivid, often chaotic imagery that captures the tumultuous emotions and experiences of the protagonist. Through its fragmented structure, the novel paints a vivid portrait of a man seeking meaning and beauty in a disordered world.

    The 8726th Greatest Book of All Time
  24. 49. Flow Chart by John Ashbery

    "Flow Chart" is a long, meditative poem that weaves through the complexities of life, consciousness, and creativity. The work is characterized by its free-flowing structure, which mirrors the meandering nature of thought and the interconnectedness of experiences. The poem's speaker reflects on a range of subjects, from the mundane to the profound, exploring memory, time, art, and the intricacies of human relationships. With its blend of humor, melancholy, and philosophical insight, the poem invites readers to contemplate the ebb and flow of life's journey and the patterns that emerge from the chaos of existence.

    The 8943rd Greatest Book of All Time
  25. 50. Hotel Lautréamont by John Ashbery

    "Hotel Lautréamont" is a collection of poetry that weaves together a tapestry of vivid imagery, linguistic playfulness, and intertextual references. The poems are characterized by their elusive meanings and open-ended interpretations, inviting readers to embark on a journey through a landscape of memory, art, and the subconscious. The poet's masterful use of language challenges conventional structures and expectations, creating a work that defies easy categorization and reflects the complexities of human thought and emotion.

    The 8992nd Greatest Book of All Time

Reading Statistics

Click the button below to see how many of these books you've read!

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If you're interested in downloading this list as a CSV file for use in a spreadsheet application, you can easily do so by clicking the button below. Please note that to ensure a manageable file size and faster download, the CSV will include details for only the first 500 books.

Download