This book is a comprehensive introduction to the field of psychoanalysis, presented by its founder. It explores the unconscious mind, dreams, and the theory of neuroses. The author delves into the mechanisms of the mind, such as repression and resistance, and how these can lead to psychological issues. He also discusses his controversial theories on sexual desire as a driving force in human behavior. The book provides an in-depth understanding of the human psyche and the techniques used in psychoanalysis to treat mental disorders.

This book is a seminal work in the field of psychology, exploring the inherent tension between civilization and the individual. The author, a famed psychologist, argues that civilization's imposition of societal norms and restrictions leads to individual unhappiness and discontent. He delves into the conflict between the human desire for freedom and society's need for order, suggesting that this tension is at the root of much human suffering. The book further explores concepts such as the super-ego, guilt, and the death drive, offering profound insights into the human psyche.

"Kokoro" is a novel that delves into the complexities of human relationships and the changing cultural climate of Japan at the turn of the 20th century. The story is narrated by a young university student who forms an unlikely friendship with an older man, referred to only as "Sensei". As their bond deepens, the young man learns of Sensei's tragic past, his feelings of guilt and regret, and his struggle to find peace. The novel explores themes of loneliness, betrayal, and the moral dilemmas of modern life.

"Silence" is a historical novel set in the 17th century, which follows a Portuguese Jesuit missionary who travels to Japan to comfort local Christians and find his mentor, who is rumored to have renounced his faith. The protagonist experiences the brutal persecution of Christians by the Japanese government, and grapples with the silence of God in the face of suffering. The narrative explores themes of faith, doubt, cultural clash, and the human capacity for both cruelty and endurance.

This book is a comprehensive analysis of the concept of liberty, emphasizing the importance of individual freedom in political, societal, and economic contexts. The author argues that a free society, where individuals can act according to their own decisions and plans, is the most effective system for human progress. He also explores the relationship between law and liberty, the role of government in a free society, and the challenges to liberty posed by concepts such as social and economic justice.

"The Pillow Book" is a collection of personal observations, anecdotes, and reflections by a woman in the Heian court of Japan. It presents a detailed and vivid picture of court life, including the lavish ceremonies, the rivalries and intrigues, the idle pastimes of the courtiers, and the romantic escapades of the empress and her consorts. The book also contains lists, poetry, and personal musings, providing a unique perspective on the culture and customs of the Heian period.

The book provides an in-depth analysis of the interplay between capitalism, socialism, and democracy, arguing that capitalism is a catalyst for creative destruction and innovation, but also paves the way for socialism due to its inherent instability and tendency to create wealth inequality. It further suggests that democracy, while imperfect, is the best system to manage these economic systems. The author presents a unique perspective on the inevitable rise of socialism, not through revolution as Marx predicted, but through the legal and systematic erosion of capitalism by democratic means.

This book is a seminal work that presents the author's theories on human sexuality, including his concept of sexual development through psychosexual stages. It explores topics such as the sexual aberrations, infantile sexuality, and the transformation of puberty. The author argues that sexual drive is present from birth, and that children go through several stages of sexual development. He also discusses the idea of sexual perversions and their origins. This book is considered a foundational text in the field of psychoanalysis.

"The Makioka Sisters" is a novel set in pre-World War II Japan, following the lives of four sisters from a once-wealthy Osaka family. The story focuses on their struggles to maintain their traditional lifestyle and status in a rapidly changing society. The two elder sisters are concerned with finding a suitable husband for the third sister, while the youngest sister, more modern and independent, resists the constraints of her family's expectations. The book provides a detailed and nuanced exploration of the clash between tradition and modernity in Japanese society.

"Extinction" is a novel that explores the dark and complex themes of family, identity, and history through the eyes of its protagonist, a professor living in Rome. When he receives news of the deaths of his parents and brother in a car accident, he is forced to confront his past and his Austrian heritage. The narrative delves into his thoughts and feelings, his criticisms of his family and society, and his philosophical musings on life and death, all while he prepares to return to his family's estate for the funeral. The novel is renowned for its dense, stream-of-consciousness style and its unflinching examination of the human condition.

"The Left-Handed Woman" is a poignant, introspective novel that explores the life of a woman who decides to live alone after her husband leaves on a business trip. She attempts to find her own identity and independence by distancing herself from her usual social circles, including her young son. The novel is a deep dive into her thoughts, feelings, and experiences as she navigates her new life, offering a profound exploration of solitude and self-discovery.

This novel is a gripping historical fiction that recounts the harrowing tale of Armenian villagers who resist their deportation by the Ottoman Empire during the Armenian Genocide of 1915. Centered around the heroic stand of the people of Musa Dagh, the narrative delves into the struggle for survival, unity, and defiance against overwhelming odds. Through the lens of this resistance, the book explores themes of identity, resilience, and the human spirit's capacity to fight for freedom and justice. It serves as a poignant reminder of a dark chapter in history, highlighting the courage and determination of those who fought against their oppressors.

The book is a poignant memoir reflecting on the transformative events and cultural atmosphere of Europe before World War I, through the interwar years and into the rise of the Nazis. It captures the author's experiences of growing up in a vibrant pre-war Vienna, the intellectual richness and artistic achievements of the time, as well as the profound sense of loss as the world he knew disintegrated into chaos and totalitarianism. With a mix of nostalgia and despair, the narrative serves as a lament for the lost world of European culture and as a warning about the fragility of peace and the human cost of war.

"The Twilight Years" is a poignant story revolving around the life of a middle-aged woman who is burdened with the responsibility of taking care of her ageing and ailing father-in-law while trying to balance her work and personal life. The novel explores the themes of old age, family responsibilities, societal expectations, and the struggles of women in a patriarchal society. It offers a critical examination of the social, cultural, and personal issues related to aging and care-giving in post-war Japan.

This book is a significant work in the philosophy of science, proposing a methodology for scientific discovery that challenges traditional inductive reasoning. The author argues that scientific theories can never be proven definitively, but can only be corroborated or falsified through empirical testing. He introduces the concept of falsifiability as the key criterion for distinguishing scientific theories from non-scientific ones. The book also delves into the problems of induction, demarcation, and the relationship between theory and observation in scientific practice.

The novel centers around an aging businessman who, upon hearing nightly sounds from the nearby mountain, begins to confront his own mortality and the complexities within his family. As he navigates his strained relationship with his wife, his adulterous son, and his daughter-in-law whom he harbors feelings for, he experiences a profound sense of solitude and existential dread. The narrative subtly explores themes of aging, alienation, and the ephemeral nature of life.

"The Tale of the Bamboo Cutter" is a classic piece of Japanese literature that follows the story of a bamboo cutter who finds a tiny girl inside a glowing bamboo stalk. The girl grows into a beautiful and desirable woman, attracting numerous suitors including the emperor. However, she reveals that she is not from Earth, but from the moon and is eventually taken back, leaving the bamboo cutter and her suitors heartbroken. The tale is a poignant exploration of love, loss, and the transient nature of beauty.

The book is a darkly introspective narrative that delves into the mind of a reclusive, obsessive intellectual who is struggling to complete his scholarly work on the composer Mendelssohn. As he grapples with his own ailments and the perceived mediocrity of his surroundings, the protagonist's stream-of-consciousness monologue reveals his deep-seated anxieties, self-loathing, and profound isolation. The narrative is a relentless examination of the protagonist's psyche, showcasing his critical view of society and his own personal relationships, which are fraught with tension and dysfunction. Through this, the novel explores themes of artistic creation, intellectual elitism, and the suffocating nature of expectations and familial obligations.

A Wild Sheep Chase follows the story of a recently divorced advertising executive in Tokyo who is given a mysterious assignment by a sinister, powerful man: to find a particular sheep with a star-shaped birthmark. This mission leads him to travel across the snowy landscapes of Northern Japan, crossing paths with peculiar characters, and exploring themes of loneliness, fate, and identity. The narrative is a blend of detective story, postmodern critique, and surreal journey, infused with the author's unique style of magical realism.

Woodcutters is a darkly humorous critique of Vienna's artistic elite. The story takes place over the course of a single evening, as the narrator attends a dinner party in honor of a recently successful actor. As the evening progresses, he reflects on the pretentiousness and hypocrisy of the guests, the mediocrity of their artistic achievements, and the tragic suicide of his former lover. The novel is a scathing indictment of the vanity and self-delusion of the artistic community.

"The Uses of Enchantment" is a psychological analysis of fairy tales and their importance in childhood development. The book argues that these stories allow children to navigate their emotions and understand aspects of life they are yet to experience. By exploring various themes, such as separation anxiety, oedipal conflict, and sibling rivalry, through well-known fairy tales, the author demonstrates how these narratives contribute to a child's moral education and understanding of the human nature.

"On Aggression" is a scientific study that explores the concept of aggression in both animals and humans from an ethological (study of animal behavior) perspective. The author argues that aggression is an innate and necessary instinct that has helped species survive and evolve. However, he also emphasizes that this instinct, when unchecked or misdirected, can lead to destructive behavior and violence. The book provides a comprehensive analysis of the biological roots of aggression, its role in the evolution and survival of species, and its implications for human society.

The novella delves into the intense emotional landscape of a middle-aged English widow who, while staying at a Riviera resort, becomes deeply fascinated by the plight of a young man consumed by a gambling addiction. Over the course of a day, their lives intertwine, leading her to reflect on the nature of obsession and the fleeting moments of passion that can irrevocably alter one's life. As she recounts her own story of moral and emotional upheaval, the narrative explores themes of societal expectations, personal liberation, and the profound impact of ephemeral encounters.

This book is a travel memoir that recounts the author's escape from a British internment camp in India during World War II and his subsequent journey through the Himalayas to Tibet, where he becomes a tutor and friend to the Dalai Lama. The book provides a detailed account of Tibetan culture, customs, and the political turmoil leading up to the Chinese invasion, as seen through the eyes of a foreigner who spent seven years living there.

"The Box Man" is a surreal narrative about a man who chooses to live as a homeless individual, inside a box, in Tokyo. The protagonist, a former doctor, narrates his experiences and observations from within the box, and the narrative often blurs the line between reality and hallucination. The book is a philosophical exploration of identity, anonymity, and the nature of existence, challenging the reader's perception of what it means to be an individual in society.