The Greatest "Nonfiction, European History" Books Since 1900

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This list represents a comprehensive and trusted collection of the greatest books. Developed through a specialized algorithm, it brings together 300 'best of' book lists to form a definitive guide to the world's most acclaimed books. For those interested in how these books are chosen, additional details can be found on the rankings page.

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Nonfiction

European History

European History is a category of books that focuses on the historical events, people, and cultures of Europe. It covers a wide range of topics, including the ancient civilizations of Greece and Rome, the Middle Ages, the Renaissance, the Enlightenment, and the modern era. This category of books explores the political, social, economic, and cultural developments that have shaped Europe over the centuries, from the rise and fall of empires to the impact of wars and revolutions. It provides readers with a deeper understanding of the rich and complex history of Europe and its influence on the world.

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  1. 26. Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind by Yuval Noah Harari

    This book provides a comprehensive exploration of the history of the human species, tracing back from the earliest forms of Homo Sapiens to the modern day. It delves into evolutionary biology, the development of cultures and societies, and the rise of major ideologies and technologies. The book also discusses the future of the species, posing thought-provoking questions about our roles and responsibilities in a rapidly changing world.

  2. 27. The Family, Sex and Marriage in England 1500-1800 by Lawrence Stone

    This scholarly work provides an in-depth analysis of the transformation of family life, sexual mores, and marital structures in England from the 16th to the 18th century. It examines the shift from the medieval extended family to the closed domesticated nuclear family, exploring how economic, social, legal, and cultural changes influenced personal relationships and societal norms. The book delves into the roles of love, sex, and marriage during this period, revealing how the evolution of these concepts was intertwined with broader historical developments such as the Protestant Reformation, the rise of individualism, and the changing economic landscape. Through meticulous research, the text presents a comprehensive view of how private life was redefined over three centuries, reflecting the complex interplay between tradition and change in early modern England.

  3. 28. The Campaign of the Marne by Sewell Tyng

    "The Campaign of the Marne" is a detailed account of the crucial battle that took place during the early stages of World War I. The book provides an in-depth analysis of the strategies, tactics, and decisions made by both the Allies and the German forces. It sheds light on the significant impact of the battle, which halted the German advance into France and marked a turning point in the war. The author also explores the larger political and social context of the war, offering a comprehensive understanding of this critical historical event.

  4. 29. All But My Life by Gerda Weissmann Klein

    "All But My Life" is a poignant memoir of a young woman's six-year ordeal as a victim of Nazi cruelty. The narrative follows her life from a peaceful, upper-middle-class childhood in Bielitz, Poland, through her horrifying experiences and loss during the Holocaust, to her miraculous survival and marriage to an American soldier. It is a story of courage, resilience, and the enduring power of hope.

  5. 30. Strange Defeat by Marc Bloch

    "Strange Defeat" is a wartime memoir written by a French historian who served as a soldier during World War II. In the book, the author critically analyzes the reasons behind the swift and shocking fall of France to Germany in 1940. The author attributes the defeat to the outdated strategies and poor leadership of the French military and government, and also highlights the social and political issues that plagued France at the time. The book is not only a personal account but also a profound critique of French society and its institutions.

  6. 31. Love in the Western World by Denis de Rougemont

    The book is an in-depth exploration of the concept of love as it has evolved in Western society, tracing its development from the myth of Tristan and Iseult to modern times. The author argues that the idea of passionate, romantic love that is prevalent in the West is fundamentally a form of destructive passion, often leading to pain and tragedy. The book also delves into the socio-cultural aspects of love, examining how societal norms and expectations shape our understanding and experience of love.

  7. 32. Cod: A Biography of the Fish that Changed the World by Mark Kurlansky

    This book is a fascinating exploration of the historical, cultural, economic, and ecological impact of the codfish. It traces the role of this fish in shaping economies, sparking wars, and influencing culinary trends across centuries and continents. The book also delves into the devastating effects of overfishing and the current struggle to sustain cod populations. The narrative combines history, science, and gastronomy to present a comprehensive biography of this significant fish species.

  8. 33. The Rise And Fall Of The Great Powers by Paul Kennedy

    The book in question offers a comprehensive analysis of the economic and military factors that have shaped the relative power of nations from the 16th century to the late 20th century. It argues that the rise and fall of great powers are closely linked to their ability to manage economic resources and maintain military strength. The author examines the patterns of history to show how the overextension of an empire's resources often leads to decline, and suggests that managing the balance between wealth and power is crucial for the longevity of a great power. The book also provides insights into the potential future of global power dynamics by considering the implications of these historical patterns for contemporary superpowers.

  9. 34. The Crisis of European Sciences and Transcendental Phenomenology by Edmund Husserl

    This book is a philosophical work that explores the crisis facing the sciences in Europe, arguing that this crisis stems from the disregard for transcendental phenomenology. The author asserts that the sciences have lost their grounding in the world of lived experience and have become too abstract and disconnected from human life, leading to a crisis of meaning. He proposes a return to the "lifeworld" and a recentering of science on human experience, using the methods of phenomenology to uncover the essential structures of consciousness and the world.

  10. 35. Lenin's Tomb: The Last Days of the Soviet Empire by David Remnick

    This book provides an in-depth account of the final days of the Soviet Union, focusing on the period from 1989 to 1991. It explores the political, economic, and social factors that led to the collapse of the Soviet empire, including the role of key figures such as Mikhail Gorbachev, Boris Yeltsin, and others. The author, a journalist who lived in Moscow during this time, combines historical analysis with personal observations and interviews, offering a unique perspective on this significant period in world history.

  11. 36. The Proud Tower by Barbara Tuchman

    This historical work delves into the tumultuous period preceding World War I, capturing the social, political, and cultural landscape of the world from the 1890s through the early 20th century. The narrative weaves through various countries and influential figures, examining the contrasts between the wealth of the elite and the struggles of the working class, the rise of anarchism, and the complexities of pre-war diplomacy. It paints a vivid picture of an era marked by both grandeur and the simmering tensions that would eventually lead to one of the most devastating conflicts in human history.

  12. 37. The Armada by Garrett Mattingly

    "The Armada" is a comprehensive historical account of the attempted invasion of England by the Spanish Armada in 1588. This work meticulously chronicles the political and religious turmoil of the era, the strategic planning and execution of the naval campaign by the Spanish, and the defensive maneuvers of the English under the leadership of Queen Elizabeth I. The narrative delves into the personalities of key figures, the technological and tactical aspects of 16th-century naval warfare, and the broader European context, culminating in a detailed examination of the battles and the Armada's eventual disastrous defeat, which had lasting consequences for the balance of power in Europe.

  13. 38. Cavaliers And Roundheads by Christopher Hibbert

    "Cavaliers and Roundheads" is a historical account that delves into the turbulent period of the English Civil War in the 17th century, offering a detailed narrative of the conflict between the Royalists (Cavaliers) and the Parliamentarians (Roundheads). The book provides a comprehensive analysis of the political, religious, and social factors that fueled the war, while also painting vivid portraits of the key figures involved, including King Charles I and Oliver Cromwell. Through meticulous research and engaging storytelling, the work captures the complexities of the era, the brutal battles, and the ultimate transformation of the English monarchy and parliamentary system.

  14. 39. The Struggle For Mastery In Europe by A. J. P. Taylor

    The book provides a comprehensive analysis of European international politics from the aftermath of the Napoleonic Wars to the outbreak of World War I. It examines the complex system of alliances, crises, and diplomatic maneuvers that characterized the continent during the 19th century, focusing on the quest for dominance among the great powers. The narrative delves into the balance of power principle, the role of nationalism, and the impact of economic and military factors on the relationships between countries such as Britain, France, Germany, Austria-Hungary, Russia, and Italy. Through a detailed account of treaties, wars, and diplomatic strategies, the work explores how the struggle for supremacy shaped the modern European state system and sowed the seeds for future conflicts.

  15. 40. A World On The Wane by Claude Lévi-Strauss

    The book is a reflective account of an anthropologist's journey through the Amazon Basin, documenting the lives and customs of indigenous tribes at a time when their traditional ways were increasingly threatened by the encroachment of modern civilization. Through a series of vivid observations and analyses, the author explores the complex social structures, myths, and rituals of these societies, while also contemplating the impact of Western influence on their survival. The narrative serves as both a poignant chronicle of disappearing cultures and a critique of the forces of colonialism and globalization that contribute to the erosion of human diversity and heritage.

  16. 41. Madness And Civilization by Michel Foucault

    The book is a profound and critical exploration of the history of the treatment of the mentally ill in Western society, tracing the shifting boundaries between madness and sanity from the Middle Ages to the end of the 18th century. The author argues that the way people with mental illness were treated was a reflection of the cultural, social, and intellectual mores of the time. He examines the evolution of institutions such as asylums and the role of medical and philosophical discourse in defining and managing madness, suggesting that the treatment of the mentally ill has often been a way of exerting social control rather than a genuine effort to help those suffering. The work challenges readers to reconsider the relationship between reason, unreason, and the structures of power and knowledge.

  17. 42. Notes From The Blockade by Lydia Ginzburg

    "Notes From The Blockade" is a poignant memoir that provides a firsthand account of life during the Siege of Leningrad in World War II. The author, Lydia Ginzburg, vividly describes the hardships, hunger, and constant fear experienced by the city's residents, while also exploring the resilience and strength of the human spirit. Through her powerful narrative, Ginzburg offers a deeply personal and moving portrayal of survival amidst unimaginable circumstances.

  18. 43. The Origins Of Totalitarian Democracy by J. L. Talmon

    The book explores the historical development of the concept of totalitarian democracy, a political system that combines an official ideology with an authoritarian regime, claiming to represent the will of the people. It delves into the paradoxical nature of this form of government, which seeks to achieve a utopian ideal of democracy through undemocratic means. The author traces the roots of this phenomenon back to the Enlightenment and the French Revolution, examining the ideological underpinnings and the evolution of political thought that led to the emergence of totalitarian regimes in the 20th century. The work is a critical analysis of how revolutionary movements can devolve into oppressive systems that justify their actions in the name of democracy and the public good.

  19. 44. Combats Pour L'histoire by Lucien Febvre

    "Combats Pour L'histoire" is a collection of essays by a prominent historian who was a key figure in developing the Annales School of historical thought. In this work, the author passionately argues for a new approach to studying history, one that moves beyond the traditional focus on political events and great men to include a broader analysis of social and economic factors, mentalities, and the structures that shape human activity over time. The book emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary research, incorporating insights from geography, sociology, and anthropology to create a more nuanced and dynamic understanding of the past. The author's advocacy for this methodological shift has had a lasting impact on the field of history, encouraging generations of scholars to explore the complex interplay of forces that influence historical change.

  20. 45. Six Studies In Communism by Arthur Koestler, Richard Crossman

    This book is a compilation of six essays that delve into the ideological and practical facets of communism. Each study examines different aspects of communist theory and practice, from its origins and evolution to its implementation in various countries. The authors critically analyze the successes and failures of communist systems, exploring the impact on societies that have adopted these principles. The essays also consider the psychological and sociological effects of living under communist regimes, providing a multifaceted perspective on one of the most influential political ideologies of the 20th century.

  21. 46. The Peasants Of Languedoc by Emmanuel Le Roy Ladurie

    This historical study delves into the social and economic conditions of rural life in the Languedoc region of France from the 15th to the 18th centuries. It examines the impact of climate, the cultivation of vineyards, and the influence of market forces on peasant life, revealing the cyclical nature of prosperity and hardship in agrarian society. The book also explores the effects of demographic changes, including the consequences of the Black Death and other epidemics, on the structure and dynamics of peasant communities. Through meticulous archival research, the work paints a detailed picture of how these farmers adapted to changing times, and how their lives were shaped by both local conditions and broader European trends.

  22. 47. The Politics Of Cultural Despair by Fritz Stern

    This book is a critical historical analysis that delves into the intellectual roots of cultural pessimism in Germany leading up to the rise of National Socialism. It examines the works and influence of three prominent conservative critics from the late 19th and early 20th centuries, who lamented the perceived decline of traditional values and the erosion of social cohesion in the face of modernity and liberalism. The author argues that their reactionary critique of contemporary culture and their yearning for a return to an idealized past laid the groundwork for the ideological underpinnings of fascism, demonstrating how cultural despair can be manipulated into political extremism.

  23. 48. The Structure And Practice Of National Socialism by Franz Neumann

    The book provides a comprehensive analysis of the political, social, and economic systems of National Socialism in Germany from its rise to power to its functioning during World War II. It delves into the regime's ideologies, the role of terror and propaganda, the structure of the state, and the interplay between different power groups within the Nazi hierarchy. The author critically examines how the regime sought to create a totalitarian state, with a particular focus on the suppression of individual freedoms and the mechanisms of control used to maintain its authority. Through this exploration, the book offers insights into the complexities and contradictions of the Nazi system, as well as the devastating impact it had on society and the world at large.

  24. 49. Economic Backwardness in Historical Perspective by Alexander Gerschenkron

    "Economic Backwardness in Historical Perspective" is a collection of essays that explore the patterns and causes of economic underdevelopment through historical analysis. The book challenges the notion that all countries must follow the same path to development as taken by early industrialized nations. Instead, it argues that later-developing countries can achieve growth by leveraging their historical and institutional contexts, often through state intervention and the adoption of different industrial strategies. The work emphasizes the role of banks and financial institutions in fostering industrial growth and discusses how varying degrees of economic backwardness influence the strategies and policies that nations adopt for economic development.

  25. 50. Mendeleyev's Dream by Paul Strathern

    This book traces the history of chemistry from the ancient philosophers' wild speculations about the composition of the universe to the creation of the periodic table by Dmitri Mendeleyev. Through a blend of storytelling and science, it explores the development of atomic theory and chemical elements, leading up to Mendeleyev's groundbreaking dream in which he envisioned the periodic table in its modern form. The narrative delves into the lives and discoveries of key figures in the field of chemistry, illustrating how their work contributed to our understanding of the elements that make up the world around us.

Reading Statistics

Click the button below to see how many of these books you've read!

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If you're interested in downloading this list as a CSV file for use in a spreadsheet application, you can easily do so by clicking the button below. Please note that to ensure a manageable file size and faster download, the CSV will include details for only the first 500 books.

Download